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Friday, 4 September 2015

In search of the Tuileries Palace: Paris


On the night of 23rd May 1871, twelve men under the orders of Jules Bergeret, the former military commander of the Commune, set fire to the Tuileries Palace. The interior, including the library of the Louvre, was completely destroyed, but the outer walls and facades remained intact.  In 1874 the ruined wings of the chateau were demolished, but it was almost eleven years later, in 1882, that the Third Republic finally made the decision to demolish the central pavilion.  The ruin was bought by a private entrepreneur Achille Picart for the relatively modest sum of 33,300 gold francs. In the spirit of the famous Palloy, demolitioner of the Bastille,  Picart salvaged and packaged the stones and marble of the palace for sale as souvenirs.

If the Tuileries was reconstructed..... image by Hubert Naudeix published in Le Figaro


The possibility of rebuilding the palace has never been entirely abandoned.  In 2004 a "National Committee for the reconstruction of the Tuileries" was set up to campaign for the project. Its president, Alain Bourmier, proposed to raise the whopping 300 million Euros needed by international public subscription.  A ministerial commission was set up to study the plans in 2006 but, despite a good deal of public debate, there seems to have been little official enthusiasm.  Since M. Bourmier's death in 2010, the project has been shelved - the most recent discussions I can find on the internet date from 2011.

In the meantime, we can enjoy the impressive 3D reconstructions created by Hubert Naudeix, co-founder of the publishing firm éditions Honoré Clair which is based in Arles.  In 2010 éditions Honoré Clair produced  a magnificently illustrated book on the palace with a text by Guillaume Fonkenell (Le Palais des Tuileries, 223 pages, ISBN : 978-2-918371-04-5).  Here is a link to some extracts:
http://issuu.com/aristeas/docs/extrait/0

Reconstruction by y Hubert Naudeix froLe Palais des Tuileries (2010)


A few remnants of the palace remain in Paris:

In the Louvre and Tuileries gardens: 



As a token gesture towards restoration, government funding was provided in 2011 for an "iconic arcade" from the palace to be restored and erected in the Louvre's cours Marly.  The fragment - part of the 16th-century facade by Philibert Delorme -  had been reserved by the State in 1883 and deposited with the École des Ponts et Chaussées.  It formerly occupied the second court of the École's premises in the l'hôtel de Fleury, rue des Saints-Pères, which was vacated and sold in 2008.

The arch in situ at the l'hôtel de Fleury
Photo by Jacques Mossot (2004)(Image no.26080 on the Structurae database)  
Slightly confusingly an almost identical Delorme arch was restored and erected on the Seine side of the Tuileries gardens near the basin rond in 2012. This second arch had likewise been salvaged by the government in 1883. It was originally set up near the Jeu de paume  together with another by Delorme's sucessor Bullant. By 1996 both arches were in such a bad state of repair that they had to be demolished. In 2006 fragments of columns and capitals from the Palace were stacked in exposed crates occupying a hundred metres or so of the southern wall of the gardens. In 2014 they were discreetly covered with tarpaulins.




Square Georges Cain:



A still more inglorious fate awaited the remains of the famous central "pavilion d'horloge" which is depicted in so many paintings and prints of the insurrection of 10th August.
Photograph showing the East pavilion in 1871

Fragments of the pavilion, including most importantly the clock itself, were used by Achille Picart to decorate the entrance to his business premises. In 1905 they were bought by the  conservateur of the Musée Carnavelet Georges Cain and now reside, with various other pieces of architectural salvage, in the Square Georges Cains behind the museum.(The two sculpted angels which now form part of the ensemble were not originally from the palace.)



https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Square_Georges-Cain#/media/File:Georges-cain-04.JPG
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The Louvre conserves some badly damaged statues, dating from 1666-8,  which once adorned the Eastern facade of the pavilion:




Other fragments:

 The sharp eyed can spot columns by Delorme adorning the court of the Académie des Beaux Arts on the Quai Malaquais (see picture below); there are also fragments of capitals in the Cour d'Honneur, rue Bonaparte.


Here is an archway in the South Garden of the Trocadero Gardens:


Here is the wall of an apartment block near the Parc Monceau constructed by the architect Gustave Clausse in 1870, clearly featuring (among other stuff) some capitals from the Tuileries:

References

Louis J. Iandoli, "The Palace of the Tuileries and Its Demolition: 1871-1883"
The French Review, Vol. 79(5) (Apr., 2006), pp. 986-1008.  [Article on JStor]

‘What if we rebuilt the Tuileries Palace?’  Le Figaro [Digest in English] 22 Nov 2010
http://plus.lefigaro.fr/note/what-if-we-rebuilt-the-tuileries-palace-20101122-332759

 "Comité National pour la reconstruction des Tuileries" website.
http://www.tuileries.org/

"Philibert Delorme, Arcade ionique du palais des Tuileries" Louvre website.
http://www.louvre.fr/philibert-delorme-arcade-ionique-du-palais-des-tuileries

"Une arcade des Tuileries",  parishistoirevivante.com, 8th June 2010.
http://www.parishistoirevivante.com/une-arcade-des-tuileries/

[Lieux inexplorés du Louvre] Le fronton du palais des Tuileries Point culture 23 Jan 2015

1 comment:

  1. To add to a bibliography: Archive de l'émission "Des Racines et Des Ailes".
    Ce reportage a été diffusé sur France 3 le 27/04/11.
    https://youtu.be/idI-OAV8JGc

    ReplyDelete